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采用时序研究法,对2006—2013年喀斯特高原峡谷石漠化治理过程中5种石漠化阶段的土壤理化性质进行动态监测,研究土壤理化性质的时空演变规律,为石漠化的进一步治理提供科学依据。结果表明:随着治理时间增加,土壤理化性质整体上得到改善,主要体现在土壤毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度、田间-毛管持水量、渗透速率、pH值、全K、速效K及全P含量增加;随着时间增加,土壤理化性质表现出前期(2006—2010年)平稳、波动甚至恶化,后期(2010—2013年)大幅改善的非线性变化特点,说明一方面土壤质量对植物群落结构优化和小气候改善的响应存在滞后效应,另一方面也受到2009—2010年西南大旱的影响;空间尺度上,无石漠化环境土壤理化性质表现最好,其余4种石漠化阶段之间的理化性质多年均值差异不明显,说明经过长期治理,不同石漠化阶段之间的土壤理化性质差异缩小,同时“空间指示时间”手段在此并不适用;潜在-轻度石漠化环境部分土壤理化指标表现不佳,应成为今后石漠化防治的工作重点。
The temporal and spatial analysis of soil physical and chemical properties in five stages of rocky desertification in the process of rocky desertification in the Karst Gorge between 2006 and 2013 was carried out to study the temporal and spatial evolution of soil physical and chemical properties and provide a basis for the further treatment of rocky desertification Scientific basis. The results showed that with the increase of treatment time, the physical and chemical properties of soil were improved as a whole, which mainly reflected in capillary porosity, total porosity, field-capillary holding capacity, infiltration rate, pH value, total K, available K and total P With the increase of time. The physical and chemical properties of soil showed stable, fluctuating or even deteriorating in the early period (2006-2010), and non-linear changes in later period (2010-2013) showed that on the one hand, the soil quality had an effect on the optimization of plant community structure And the response to the improvement of microclimate have the lagging effect, on the other hand, they are also affected by the severe drought in southwest of China from 2009 to 2010. On the spatial scale, the physical and chemical properties of the soil without rocky desertification are the best, and among the remaining four types of desertification There is no obvious difference in physical and chemical properties over many years, indicating that after long-term management, the differences in soil physical and chemical properties between different stages of rocky desertification have been narrowed, meanwhile, the “space indication time” means are not applicable here; the potential-light rocky desertification environment Part of the physical and chemical indicators of poor performance of soil should be the focus of prevention and treatment of rock desertification in the future.