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以云南元江普通野生稻为供体亲本 ,籼稻品种特青为轮回亲本构建高代回交群体 ,用SSR标记构建连锁图谱 ,在第 1、2、3、4、7和 1 0染色体上定位到 7个控制穗颈大维管束数的QTL ,在第 1、2、3、4和 8染色体上定位到5个控制穗颈小维管束数的QTL ,在第 1 1和 1 2以外的 1 0条染色体上 ,共定位到 1 5个控制穗一、二次枝梗数和穗颖花数QTL。来自野生稻的等位基因大多表现负效 ,能显著减少群体的穗颈维管束数、枝梗数和颖花数 ,说明从野生稻演化成栽培稻的过程中 ,可能淘汰了一些对产量不利的QTL ,保留了有利的QTL。相当一部分控制穗颈维管束数、枝梗数及颖花数的QTL在染色体上成簇分布或紧密连锁 ,且加性效应的方向一致 ,从理论上解释了这些性状表型显著相关的遗传基础 ,同时也说明在人工选择或自然选择下 ,这些性状可能存在平行进化或协同进化的关系
Using the common wild rice of Yuanjiang in Yunnan Province as the donor parent and the indica variety Teqing as the recurrent parent, the high-generation backcross population was constructed. The linkage map was constructed with SSR markers and mapped to chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 10 Seven QTLs controlling the number of big vascular bundles in panicle neck were mapped to five QTLs on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 to control the number of vascular bundles in panicle neck. On the chromosome, 15 QTLs were detected for controlling the number of spike primary branches, secondary branches and spikelets. Most of the alleles from wild rice showed negative effects, which could significantly reduce the number of vascular bundles, branches and spikes of panicles in the population, indicating that it may be possible to eliminate some of the unfavorable yield in the process of evolution from wild rice to cultivated rice QTL, retained a favorable QTL. A considerable number of QTLs controlling the number of vascular branches, branch numbers and spikelets were clustered or closely linked on the chromosomes, and the additive effects were in the same direction. The genetic basis for these phenotypic phenotypes was explained theoretically, At the same time, it also shows that under artificial selection or natural selection, these traits may exist in parallel evolution or co-evolution