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目的:分析疟疾发病规律,探讨防控措施,实现消除疟疾的目标。方法:采用描述流行病学方法对蕲春县1951-2015年疟疾疫情资料进行分析总结。结果:1951-2015年蕲春县累计发生疟疾211677例,历史上出现了四次发病高峰,其中1957年发病率高达3251.65/10万。60多年来,历时四个防治阶段,疟疾发病率大幅度下降,近10多年来,疟疾发病率始终控制在1/10万以下,并于2015年达到了基本消除疟疾的目标。从2010年起已无本地疟疾病例发生,所发病例均为输入型疟疾。结论:实施以消灭传染源为主的综合防治措施,能有效控制疟疾疫情。要实现持续消除疟疾目标,需要对高疟区返乡的流动人群进行重点防控。
Objective: To analyze the incidence of malaria, to explore prevention and control measures to achieve the goal of eliminating malaria. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze and summarize malaria epidemic data from 1951-2015 in Hunchun County. Results: Totally 211677 malaria cases occurred in Hunchun County from 1951 to 2015. There were four peak incidences in history, of which the highest incidence was 3251.65 / 100000 in 1957. Over the past 60 years, the incidence of malaria dropped drastically over the four control phases over the past 10 years. In the past 10 years, the incidence of malaria has been kept below 1 in 10 million and the goal of basically eliminating malaria has been reached in 2015. Since 2010, no local cases of malaria have been reported, and all cases were imported malaria. Conclusion: The implementation of comprehensive prevention and control measures that mainly eliminate sources of infection can effectively control the epidemic of malaria. To achieve the goal of sustained malaria elimination, priority should be given to preventing and controlling mobile populations returning home in areas with high malaria.