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土壤水分状况对小麦干物质积累和用水效率影响的大小，随缺水时段、时间长短和轻重程度而不同。麦苗生长前期缺水的影响较小，甚至对于物质增长有促进作用。但持续干旱的麦株或子粒中的干物质累积量较湿润处理明显减少，全生育期干旱的植株总干重比全生育期供水充足的下降１０．５％，最后粒重减少７．６９５０ｍｇ，地上部不同器官对缺水的敏感性依次是，叶片＞茎秆＞麦穗。实验结果表明，冬小麦生育前期和初花期轻度缺水，能适当控制营养生长，促进同化产物的积累，提高作物水分利用效率，从而达到节约用水提高产量的目的。
The effect of soil water status on the dry matter accumulation and water use efficiency of wheat varies with the period of water shortage, the length of time, and the degree of severity. Wheat seedlings had little effect on water loss in the early stage of growth, and even promoted the material growth. However, the accumulation of dry matter in wheat or grain under continuous drought was significantly reduced compared with that under wet treatment. The total dry weight of the whole growing period was 10.5% less than that during the whole growth period, and the final grain weight was reduced by 7.6950mg. The sensitivity of different organs on the ground to water deficit was, in turn, leaf> stem> ear. The experimental results showed that the light and water deficit in the early and early flowering stage of winter wheat could control the vegetative growth, promote the accumulation of assimilation products and increase the water use efficiency of crops, so as to save water and increase yield.