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新疆地处祖国西北边陲,由于自然、地理、气候、交通、历史等情况特殊,又是多民族聚居的地方,人们的宗教信仰、生活习俗、语言文字、交流范围又各具特点,加之新疆面积占全国的1/6,城市之间的距离较远,给广大的各族群众看病就医带来了一定的困难。新疆2011年人口2208.7万,共由47个民族组成。城乡二元结构明显,城镇化水平不高,收入差距较大,全疆在就业、安居、上学、医疗、社保、扶贫等方面任务艰巨。1医疗卫生改革的艰巨性:当前,新疆的卫生资源约80%以上集中在大城市,而其中80%集中在大型医院,城乡医疗机构、城市内大医院与社区卫生机构的资源配置差距明显。这种卫生资源配置的不合理以及医保中低水平的未完全覆盖,加剧了医疗卫生资源配置的不公平和社会的不满意程度。1.1地方政府投入不足:地方政府投入要实现医改政策规定的项目和金额,还需要付出巨大的努力。例如2008年自治区财政卫生投入仅占GDP的1.51%,对17所地方公立二甲综合医院工资拨款平均仅占人员工资的56.98%,平均只占医院
Xinjiang is located in the northwestern border of the motherland. Due to the special conditions of nature, geography, climate, traffic and history, it is also a place where many ethnic groups live together. People’s religious beliefs, living customs, language and communication have their own characteristics. In addition, Accounting for one sixth of the whole country and the distance between cities is far. It has brought some difficulties to the broad masses of people of all nationalities for medical treatment. Xinjiang’s population of 22.087 million in 2011, a total of 47 ethnic groups. Urban-rural dual structure is obvious, the level of urbanization is not high, and the income gap is wide. Xinjiang has such arduous tasks as employment, housing, school, medical care, social security and poverty alleviation. 1 Difficulty of health reform: Currently, about 80% of health resources in Xinjiang are concentrated in big cities, and 80% of them are concentrated in large hospitals. The gap between urban and rural medical institutions, large hospitals in urban areas and community health institutions is obviously different. This irrational allocation of health resources and the incomplete coverage of the low and medium level of medical insurance have aggravated the unfair allocation of resources for health care and the degree of social dissatisfaction. 1.1 Lack of Local Government Investment: Local governments need to devote tremendous effort to investing in the projects and amounts stipulated in the health reform policies. For example, in 2008, the financial investment in the autonomous region accounted for only 1.51% of GDP, and the average wage allocation for public hospitals in the 17 local public hospitals was only 56.98% of the average, accounting for only an average of hospitals