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本文以16V240ZJ柴油机机体为研究对象,进行了疲劳安全评价方法的比较分析,提出了更为合理的应力幅计算方法。首先进行机体的有限元结构强度分析,并针对疲劳破坏的危险部位使用正应力法、主应力法以及Mises应力法进行了应力幅计算。分析讨论结果明确发现了目前计算应力幅多采用的主应力法和Mises应力法所存在的尚需解决的问题。同时,提出了更为合理的正应力分析方法,并且结合焊接工艺影响因素等,分析讨论了其对疲劳寿命的评价方法影响,为机车车辆的设计制造提供了重要的依据。
In this paper, 16V240ZJ diesel engine body as the research object, a comparative analysis of fatigue safety assessment methods, put forward a more reasonable method of calculating the stress amplitude. Firstly, the finite element structural strength of the body is analyzed, and the stress amplitude is calculated using the normal stress method, the principal stress method and the Mises stress method for the dangerous parts of the fatigue failure. The results of analysis and discussion clearly found that there are still some problems that need to be solved by the principal stress method and the Mises stress method which are used to calculate the stress amplitude at present. At the same time, a more reasonable method of normal stress analysis is put forward. Combined with the influence factors of the welding process, the influence of fatigue life evaluation method is analyzed and discussed, which provides an important basis for the design and manufacture of rolling stock.