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为探索烟草K326品种在昭通烟区的优质适产技术措施,提高该品种的内在品质,增加上部烟叶的可用性,特开展不同施氮量与灌水次数对K326品种产质量的影响试验。结果表明,随着施氮量的增加,K326腰叶和顶叶成熟期推迟,农艺性状整体向好,产量、产值呈递增趋势,但气候性斑点病的病情指数亦呈递增趋势。当施氮量为82.5 kg·hm-2时,随着灌水次数的增加,K326的生育期延长,农艺性状呈变好趋势。从烟叶化学成分的综合表现来看,当施氮水平为82.5 kg·hm-2时,以灌水2次的处理各部位烟叶化学成分协调性最好。评吸结果表明,施氮量为82.5 kg·hm-2的各个处理中部烟叶的感官质量整体表现较好;在同一施氮水平下,灌水次数对烟叶香气质、香气量的影响不大。总体来看,以施氮量为82.5 kg·hm-2、灌水2次能够取得较好的种植效益,且烟叶的内在品质最优。
In order to explore the quality and technical measures of tobacco K326 variety in Zha tong tobacco field, improve the internal quality of the variety and increase the usability of the upper tobacco leaf, we carried out experiments on the effects of different nitrogen rates and irrigation times on the yield and quality of K326. The results showed that with the increase of N application rate, the maturation of kidney and parietal lobe of K326 was postponed, and the agronomic traits were in good order as a whole. The yield and output value showed an increasing trend, but the index of disease index of climate spot disease also showed an increasing trend. When the nitrogen application rate was 82.5 kg · hm-2, with the increase of irrigation times, the growth period of K326 prolonged and the agronomic traits tended to get better. According to the comprehensive chemical composition of tobacco leaves, when the nitrogen application level was 82.5 kg · hm-2, the chemical components of tobacco leaves in the two parts of irrigation were the best. The results of smoking evaluation showed that the sensory quality of the middle tobacco leaves of all treatments with the nitrogen application rate of 82.5 kg · hm-2 was better than that of the control. At the same nitrogen level, the frequency of irrigation had little effect on the fragrance quality and aroma of tobacco leaves. Overall, nitrogen application rates of 82.5 kg · hm-2 and 2 times of irrigation can achieve better plantation benefits, and the internal quality of tobacco leaf is the best.