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Melitz的企业异质性理论认为,企业的出口行为选择是由其生产率差异决定的,生产率高的企业会选择出口贸易,而生产率低的企业只供应国内市场.在异质性贸易理论分析框架下,构建了中国企业出口行为决策模型,并基于中国2009年1718家上市公司数据,采用Probit模型和Tobit模型从总体和行业两个层面对中国企业出口行为决策的影响因素进行了实证分析.研究表明,结果显示中国企业数据是符合企业异质性理论的结论.其中,总体研究显示,全要素生产率越高的企业越倾向于出口,与Melize的结论是吻合的;企业资本越少、员工人数越多企业出口可能性越高;企业盈利状况也与出口选择指标正相关;东部地区企业明显更倾向于出口.行业研究显示,行业因素和国家政策在企业出口行为决策中也起着至关重要的作用.
According to Melitz’s theory of firm heterogeneity, the choice of firms’ export behavior is determined by their differences in productivity, while firms with higher productivity choose to export while firms with lower productivity only supply the domestic market.Under the framework of heterogeneous trade theory analysis , This paper constructs the decision-making model of Chinese firms ’export behavior and makes empirical analysis on the influencing factors of Chinese firms’ export behavior decisions based on the data of 1718 Chinese listed companies in 2009 using the Probit model and the Tobit model from the overall and industry perspectives. , The results show that the data of Chinese enterprises are in line with the conclusion of the theory of heterogeneity of enterprises, in which the overall research shows that the firms with higher total factor productivity are more inclined to export, which agrees with Melize’s conclusion; The possibility of more enterprises exporting is higher, the profitability of enterprises is also positively correlated with the index of export choice, and the enterprises in the eastern region are obviously more inclined to export.Industry studies show that industry factors and national policies also play an important role in the decision-making of enterprises’ export behavior effect.