坛遗与祠庙建筑是与中国古代礼制规范和祠祀制度密切相关的一种建筑类型。这类建筑以其将儒家传统与民间信仰综合在一起的方式,在明清地方城市信仰体系中居有重要与不可或缺的地位,从而在明代城市的空间布局中,也居有一席之地。其中一些坛遗与祠庙,还有其在城市中确定的位向与位置,成为明代城市中必不可少的组成部分。而一些更具民间信仰性质的祠庙,不仅成为地方宗教信仰体系的一个组成部分,也成为一种特殊的宗教建筑,并成为城市类型建筑构成与城市空间组成方面的一个重要组成部分。本文从文献与史料出发,对明清地方城市中的坛遗与祠庙建筑的基本构成及在城市中的分布位置,以及每一种坛壝或祠庙的建筑平面与空间构成的制度性层面,进行了系统的梳理、分析与推证,基本厘清了这类建筑中一些基本类别的建筑组成、等级制度和空间特征,从而对明清时期的城市建筑组成有了一个更为深入的认识。 The altar of the altar and the architecture of the gong temple are a type of architecture closely related to the ancient Chinese etiquette system and the rite system. This kind of architecture has an important and indispensable position in the belief system of local cities in the Ming and Qing dynasties in the way that it integrates Confucian traditions with folk beliefs, and thus has a place in the space layout of cities in the Ming Dynasty. Some of these altars and temples, as well as their position and location in the city, became an integral part of the Ming Dynasty city. And some temples with more folk beliefs not only become an integral part of the local religious belief system, but also become a special kind of religious architecture, and become an important part of the composition of urban type buildings and the composition of urban space. This article starts from the literature and historical materials, and the basic composition of the altars and temples of the local cities in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, their distribution in the cities, and the institutional aspects of the construction plane and space of each type of altar or temple. , systematically combing, analyzing and inferring, basically clarified the architectural composition, hierarchy, and spatial characteristics of some basic categories of such buildings, and thus has a more in-depth understanding of the composition of urban buildings during the Ming and Qing dynasties.