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目的：探讨ESD术与外科手术治疗消化道早期癌肿的效果对比。方法随机选取2013年1月-2014年1月间本院收治的20例消化道早期癌肿患者作为研究对象，并根据治疗方式的不同将本组患者随机分成参照组和研究组，每组各10例；参照组患者给予常规手术治疗，研究组患者则给予内镜黏膜下剥离术（ESD术）治疗，比较两组患者的手术指标以及并发症的发生情况。结果研究组患者的手术指标明显优于参照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；研究组患者并发症的发生率明显低于参照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论ESD术治疗消化道早期癌肿临床效果显著，且具有较高的安全性，值得推广。“,”Objective: To investigate the effect of early treatment of digestive tract contrast cancer ESD surgery and surgical operation. Method: randomly selected in 2013 January -2014 year in January in our hospital 20 cases of early gastrointestinal cancer patients as the research object, and the patients were randomly divided into control group and study group according to the different treatments, with 10 cases in each group; the difference was statisticaly significant (P< 0.05); the study group patients complication rates were significantly lower than that of the reference group, the difference was statisticaly significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: ESD in the treatment of early gastrointestinal cancer clinical effect is remarkable, and has high security, is worthy of promotion.