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众所周知:钛在低于882℃是六角密排结构的α相,但是Ti、Zr、Hf与其他密排金属所不同的是具有很高的塑性,甚至在很低的温度下仍有很高的塑性。这是由于Ti,Zr,Hf具有很多的滑移系而其余的六角密排金属则滑移系较少。晶体的范性变形是以滑移的方式进行的。所谓滑移:就是晶体的一部份相对于另一部份沿着晶面作相对的平动。实验表明:滑移通常是沿一定的结晶面和结晶方向发生,而不受外加负荷的影响,仅与结晶结构有关。这一定的结晶面和结晶方向,称为滑移而和滑移方向,是晶体的两个滑移要素。一般滑移面总是原子排列最密的面。例如面心立方金属中的滑移面为{111}。而六角密排金属通常是它的基面(0001)。实验表明,原子排列最密的方向是唯一的滑移方向。如面心立方金属的(110),六角金属则为
It is well known that titanium is a hexagonal close-packed α-phase at temperatures below 882 ° C. However, Ti, Zr and Hf are distinguished from other packed metals by their high plasticity, even at very low temperatures Plasticity. This is due to the fact that Ti, Zr and Hf have a lot of slip systems and the rest of the hexagonal close-packed metals are less slippery. The normal deformation of the crystal is carried out in a slipping manner. The so-called slip: that is, part of the crystal relative to the other part along the crystal face relative translation. Experiments show that the slip usually occurs along a certain crystal plane and in the direction of crystallization without being affected by applied load, and it is only related to the crystal structure. This certain crystal plane and the direction of crystallization, called slip and slip direction, are two slip elements of the crystal. The general sliding surface is always the most densely arranged surface of atoms. For example, face-centered cubic metal in the slip plane {111}. Hexagonal close-packed metal is usually its base (0001). Experiments show that the direction of the most dense arrangement of atoms is the only slip direction. Such as face-centered cubic metal (110), hexagonal metal is