一、前言近年来,由于铁水预处理工艺的普遍采用,产生了铁水温度下降及铁水中放热元素减少等问题,使废钢比下降。尤其是用脱磷生铁冶炼低磷高合金钢时,即使全部使用铁水,也还需另外补充热源。在工业发达国家,由于废钢价廉及要求低能耗,使得对废钢熔化能力成为评价炼钢方法是否经济的重 I. Introduction In recent years, due to the widespread adoption of the hot metal pretreatment process, problems such as a drop in the hot metal temperature and a decrease in exothermic elements in the hot metal have occurred, resulting in a decrease in the scrap ratio. Especially with dephosphorization of pig iron smelting low-phosphorus high-alloy steel, even if all the use of hot metal, also need to add another source of heat. In industrially developed countries, the ability to melt scrap has become an issue of whether the steelmaking process is economically viable because scrap is cheap and requires low energy consumption