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[目的]探讨杭州市噪声作业工人高频听力损失现状及其影响因素。[方法]采用横断面流行病学研究方法,于2014年对杭州市16家噪声作业企业的1 371名男性工人进行问卷调查及纯音听力测试,采用卡方检验比较不同高频听力损失状况的工人在人口学特征、企业预防、听力相关知识、听力相关工作行为和生活行为方面的差别,再对单因素分析筛选出的变量进行logistic回归分析。[结果]杭州市噪声作业工人的高频听力损失率为61.4%;工龄长(OR=1.325,P=0.000)、文化程度低(OR=2.065,P=0.000)、戴耳机听音乐(OR=1.281,P=0.000)、长时间打电话(OR=1.16,P=0.018)、入睡时间晚(OR=1.481,P=0.000)是高频听力损失的危险因素;企业发放防护用品(OR=0.685,P=0.041)和知晓噪声对听力有影响(OR=0.619,P=0.021)是高频听力损失的保护因素。[结论]杭州市噪声作业工人的高频听力损失程度较高,工人的高频听力损失是多因素共同作用的结果,企业和工人都应采取积极的预防措施。
[Objective] To investigate the status of high frequency hearing loss and its influencing factors of noise workers in Hangzhou. [Methods] A total of 1 371 male workers in 16 noise-intensive enterprises in Hangzhou were surveyed and tested for pure tone hearing using a cross-sectional epidemiological study. The chi-square test was used to compare workers with different high-frequency hearing loss Differences in demographic characteristics, corporate prevention, hearing related knowledge, hearing-related working behaviors and living behaviors were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the variables screened by univariate analysis. [Results] The hearing loss rate of noise workers in Hangzhou was 61.4%, length of service was longer (OR = 1.325, P = 0.000), education level was lower (OR = 2.065, P = 0.000) 1. OR = 1.281, P = 0.000), prolonged phone calls (OR = 1.16, P = 0.018) and late sleep onset (OR = 1.481, P = 0.000) were risk factors for HF hearing loss. , P = 0.041) and knowing that noise had an effect on hearing (OR = 0.619, P = 0.021) were the protective factors of HF hearing loss. [Conclusion] The high-frequency hearing loss of noise-exposed workers in Hangzhou is relatively high. The high frequency hearing loss of workers is the result of many factors. Both enterprises and workers should take active precautionary measures.