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目的:了解锦屏县小学生与家庭主妇碘缺乏病防治掌握情况,评价碘缺乏病健康教育成果,为持续开展碘缺乏病防治工作、巩固防治成果提供科学依据。方法:在15个乡镇中随机抽取3个乡镇的中心完小4~6年级小学生及家庭主妇,采用统一调查表格进行碘缺乏病防治知识的问卷调查。结果:共回收小学生调查问卷528份,家庭主妇调查问卷271份,对“人体缺碘的主要危害有哪些”回答正确率为91.24%,对“预防缺碘最好的方法是什么”回答正确率为86.23%,对“袋装盐上图案是什么含义”回答正确率为93.87%;家庭主妇与小学生正确回答正确率分别为92.01%和89.65%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=3.46,P=0.06);不同年龄的家庭主妇回答问题正确率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=10.32,P=0.035),而不同年龄小学生回答问题正确率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.11,P=0.01)。结论:家庭主妇与小学生对碘缺乏病防治知识的掌握与年龄和授教育程度相关;应进一步加强碘缺乏病防治知识的健康教育,提高全人群的碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率,是巩固碘缺乏病防治成果的关键措施。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders among schoolchildren and housewives in Jinping County and to evaluate the results of health education on iodine deficiency disorders, so as to provide a scientific basis for continuing prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders and consolidating the results of prevention and treatment. Methods: Primary schoolchildren and housewives aged 4 to 6 were randomly selected from 15 townships and townships, and a questionnaire survey on prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders was conducted by using a unified questionnaire. Results: A total of 528 questionnaires were collected from primary school students and 271 housewives questionnaires. The correct answer rate of 91.24% for the main hazards of iodine deficiency in the body was “what is the best way to prevent iodine deficiency? The correct answer rate was 86.23%, and the correct answer rate of 93.87% for ”what is the meaning of the pattern on the bagged salt" was 92.01% and 89.65% for the housewife and the pupil respectively, with no significant difference χ ~ 2 = 3.46, P = 0.06). The correct rate of answering questions among housewives of different ages was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 10.32, P = 0.035), while the correct rate of answering students with different ages was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 13.11, P = 0.01). Conclusion: The knowledge of housewives and pupils in controlling iodine deficiency disorders is related to their age and educational attainment. Health education should be further strengthened to improve the awareness of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders among the whole population. It is necessary to consolidate iodine deficiency Disease prevention and treatment of the key measures.