按国际惯例,海难救助以救助对象的不同,分为人命救助、环境救助和财产救助三种。人命救助和环境救助完全属于公益性质,通常由国家政府负责,如美国、加拿大的海岸警备队,日本的海上保安厅等。在大型人命救助或环境救助中,私人救助公司接受国家调遣,其利益有法律保障。财产救助仅 According to international conventions, salvage salvage is divided into salvage, environmental aid and property salvage according to the difference of salvage objects. Human lives aid and environmental aid are entirely of a charitable nature and are usually run by national governments such as the Coast Guard in Canada and the United States and Japan’s Coast Guard. In large-scale life-saving or environmental relief, private salvage companies are subject to state dispatch, and their interests are guaranteed by law. Property aid only