中国戏曲与分为悲剧与喜剧两大板块、新潮迭起,不断地“摧毁、重建”的西方戏剧不同,也与周边某些国家分为宫廷戏剧与民间戏剧两种形态的格局有别,对于八百余年来先后出现的三百多个戏曲剧种,这里不大可能一一区分其形态的细微差异,只能分别从时代差异、空间差异和民族差异三个宏观的方位,将其区分为古典戏曲与现代戏曲、南方戏曲与北方戏曲、汉族戏曲与少数民族戏曲等不同形态。不同戏曲形态的生成与演进既受方言和地方音乐的深刻影响,亦与社会历史巨变相关。 Chinese opera is divided into two sections: tragedy and comedy, which are different in style after the trendy times and constantly “destroying and rebuilding” western drama. They are also different from the patterns of the two forms of court drama and folk drama in some neighboring countries. For more than 300 operas that have appeared in more than 800 years, it is quite unlikely here to distinguish the subtle differences in their forms, and to separate them from the three macro-orientations of the time difference, the space difference and the national differences respectively For the classical opera and modern drama, the Southern drama and the northern drama, the Han nationality drama and minority opera and other different forms. The formation and evolution of different forms of opera are influenced not only by dialects and local music, but also with the dramatic changes in society and history.