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水封式水力旋流器(离旋器)为一种新型的高效率分级设备,以其柱体部分的薄导流层及水封沉砂口而区别于普通水力旋流器。本文采用激光测速的方法,对水封式水力旋流器及普通水力旋流器的速度场进行了系统测定,得出了两种水力旋流器在速度场分布规律原则上相似的前提下,具有一系列重要差别的结论。水封式水力旋流器中心液柱的存在,柱体部分的单环流动,锥体部分的轴向零速楔形过度区,更强烈的离心旋转等都与普通水力旋流器明显不同,并对分级过程产生重要影响。研究表明,某些已被广泛引用的关于普通水力旋流器速度场的结论尚可商榷。本文还通过对实测数据的数学处理,给出了两种水力旋流器三维速度的数学表达式:其中u_t,u_z,u_r分别为切向、轴向及径向速度;r为半径;n,k,a,b,m,C均为随轴向位置而变化的参数。上述的轴向及径向速度的经验公式在同类研究中尚不多见。
Water-sealed hydrocyclone (spin-off device) is a new type of high-efficiency grading equipment, which is distinguished from ordinary hydrocyclones by its thin-layer diversion layer and water-sealed grit outlet. In this paper, the laser velocimetry method was used to measure the velocity field of water-sealed hydrocyclones and ordinary hydrocyclones, and the two hydrocyclones were found to be similar in principle, There are a series of important differences between the conclusions. The existence of liquid column in the water-sealed hydrocyclone, the monocyclic flow in the cylinder part, the axial zero-velocity wedge over-area in the cone part and the more intense centrifugal rotation are all obviously different from the ordinary hydrocyclones. Have a significant impact on the grading process. Studies have shown that some of the widely cited conclusions about the velocity field of an ordinary hydrocyclone are still open to question. In this paper, the math expressions of two kinds of hydrocyclones’ three-dimensional velocities are given by mathematical processing of the measured data: where u_t, u_z and u_r are the tangential, axial and radial velocities respectively; r is the radius; n, k, a, b, m, C are parameters that vary with axial position. The above empirical formulas for axial and radial velocities are rare in similar studies.