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统计研究区域4个小麦种植亚区的冬小麦全生育期、冬前生长期、越冬期、返青-抽穗期、灌浆-成熟期的水分亏缺率,并对其时空分布特征进行分析。结果表明,近39 a来,淮河流域冬小麦水分亏缺率的空间分布受气候、地形等多种因素影响,具有明显的地域特点:由北向南逐步递减,呈纬向分布;冬小麦水分亏缺率的年际变化趋势虽然不明显,但各区域水分条件最好和最差的生长时段并存于同一年代中;4个冬小麦种植亚区中以淮河流域北部平原冬麦区和东北丘陵冬麦区在冬小麦生长发育中、后期,特别是灌浆-成熟的关键时期,水分亏缺严重,对产量形成有很大影响。
The water deficit rates of winter wheat during the whole growing season, winter growing season, overwintering period, returning green - heading stage and filling - maturing stage in four wheat growing subregions were calculated and analyzed. The results showed that in the past 39 years, the spatial distribution of water deficit in winter wheat in the Huaihe River Basin was affected by many factors such as climate and topography, with obvious geographical features: decreasing gradually from north to south and showing zonal distribution; and the winter wheat moisture deficit rate Although the trend of interannual variation was not obvious, the best and worst growth periods of the water conditions in each area coexist in the same period. Among the four winter wheat planting sub-areas, the winter wheat in the northern plains of Huaihe River Valley and the winter wheat in the northeastern hills were in the Winter wheat growth and development, late, especially in the critical period of filling - maturity, water deficit serious, have a significant impact on the yield formation.