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目的对贵州省118所医院医院感染质量控制指标进行调查和分析,了解贵州省二级以上医疗机构医院感染基本情况与发生特点,指导各级医院的医院感染防控。方法采用调查表格形式,对118所医疗机构2014年1月1日-9月30日医院感染相关质控指标进行收集。结果共调查在院患者52 531例,发生医院感染1 175例,感染率2.24%;51 441例住院患者抗菌药物使用、预防用药、治疗用药平均使用率分别为39.24%、27.27%和72.73%,治疗使用抗菌药物标本送检率37.54%;调查手术8 119例,术后切口感染率2.50%,术后肺部感染率0.71%;调查78所开展重点部位目标监测医院留置尿管相关泌尿系感染率、呼吸机相关肺炎感染率、中心静脉置管相关血流感染率分别为2.54‰、7.62‰、1.12‰;将二、三级医院各指标进行比较,其中治疗使用抗菌药物标本送检率、术后切口感染率、呼吸机相关肺炎感染率、中心静脉置管相关血流感染率的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本调查掌握了贵州省二级以上医疗机构医院感染的基本情况,发现了不同级别医院的医院感染特点和差异,为指导各级各类医院针对性地做好医院感染防控工作提供了科学依据。
Objective To investigate and analyze the quality control indexes of nosocomial infection in 118 hospitals in Guizhou Province, and to understand the basic situation and characteristics of nosocomial infections in hospitals of secondary or higher level in Guizhou Province and to guide the prevention and control of nosocomial infections in hospitals of all levels. Methods The form of questionnaire was used to collect the quality control indexes from January 1 to September 30, 2014 in 118 medical institutions. Results A total of 52 531 hospitalized patients were hospitalized with 1 175 cases of infection and the infection rate was 2.24%. The average usage rates of antibiotics, prophylactic drugs and therapeutic drugs in 51 441 hospitalized patients were 39.24%, 27.27% and 72.73%, respectively. 37.54% of the patients were treated with antimicrobial agents, 8,119 were investigated, the incision infection rate was 2.50% and the postoperative lung infection rate was 0.71%. The 78 key sites were investigated to monitor urinary catheter-related urinary tract infections The rates of infection of pneumonia related to ventilator and rate of infection of central venous catheter were 2.54 ‰, 7.62 ‰ and 1.12 ‰, respectively. The indexes of secondary and tertiary hospitals were compared, including the rate of delivery of antibiotics, Postoperative incision infection rate, ventilator-associated pneumonia infection rate, central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection rates were significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusion The survey has mastered the basic situation of nosocomial infections in medical institutions of secondary or higher level in Guizhou Province and found the characteristics and differences of nosocomial infections in different levels of hospitals and provided scientific guidance for various types of hospitals at all levels to do targeted prevention and control of nosocomial infections in accordance with.