目的:探讨持续气道正压通气(CPAP)联合抗生素阶梯疗法治疗儿童重症肺炎的临床效果。方法:抽取2018年4月至2020年4月聊城市第二人民医院收治的80例重症肺炎患儿，采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组，每组40例。对照组患儿采用CPAP治疗，在此基础上，观察组患儿加用抗生素阶梯疗法治疗。对比两组患儿临床症状缓解时间，同时比较治疗前与治疗结束后两组患儿氧合指标[氧合指数(OI)、动脉/肺泡氧分压比值(a/APOn 2)]与肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、第1秒用力呼气量占用力肺活量的比值(FEV1/FVC)、呼气峰值流速(PEF)]。n 结果:观察组肺部啰音、咳嗽、呼吸困难等缓解时间[(3.44±0.92)、(3.31±0.61)、(1.91±0.55)d]少于对照组[(6.02±1.31)、(4.25±1.85)、(2.65±0.71)d]，n P<0.05。治疗结束后，两组OI、a/APOn 2水平高于治疗前，且观察组高于对照组(n P<0.05)；两组FEV1、FEV1/FVC、PEF水平高于治疗前，且观察组高于对照组(n P<0.05)。n 结论:CPAP联合抗生素阶梯疗法治疗重症肺炎患儿可快速缓解其临床症状，改善氧合指标，促进肺功能恢复。“,”Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) combined with step therapy of antibiotics on children with severe pneumonia.Methods:Eighty children with severe pneumonia admitted to Liaocheng Second People’s Hospital from April 2018 to April 2020 were selected. And patients were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. The control group was treated by CPAP, and the observation group was treated by step therapy of antibiotics based on the treatment of control group. The remission times of clinical symptoms were compared between the two groups, and the oxygenation indicators, such as oxygenation index (OI), arterial/alveolar oxygen ratio (a/APOn 2), and pulmonary function indexes, including forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), were compared before and after treatment.n Results:The remission times of pulmonary rales, cough, and dyspnea in the observation group were (3.44±0.92)d, (3.31±0.61)d, (1.91±0.55)d, respectively, shorter than the (6.02±1.31)d, (4.25±1.85)d, (2.65±0.71)d in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (n P<0.05). After the treatment, the levels of OI and a/APOn 2 of the two groups were higher than those before treatment, and the levels of OI and a/APOn 2 of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (n P<0.05). The levels of FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEF of the two groups were higher than those before treatment, and the levels of FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEF of the observation group was higher than those of the control group (n P<0.05).n Conclusions:CPAP combined with step therapy of antibiotics in the treatment of children with severe pneumonia can quickly relieve clinical symptoms, improve oxygenation indicators, and promote the recovery of lung function.