自由竞争和国家干预是联邦德国社会市场经济中两个相辅相成的手段,目的都是为了保证经济的健康发展和社会稳定。在社会市场经济中,国家并不直接干预经济过程本身,主要是采取符合市场规律的手段,通过货币、信贷、财政、税收、外贸等政策对国民经济进行有效的宏观调控。关于宏观调控的法律是联邦德国最具特色的,其他实行市场经济的国家都没有这样完整的一套法律。联邦德国在这方面的法律是以《稳定法》为核心,配以其他方面的法律,如银行法、信贷法、预算法、税法等。 Free competition and state intervention are two complementary measures in the market economy of the Federal Republic of Germany, all aimed at ensuring the healthy development of the economy and social stability. In the social market economy, the state does not directly intervene in the economic process itself, but mainly adopts market-conforming means to effectively regulate the national economy through monetary, credit, fiscal, tax and foreign trade policies. The law on macroeconomic regulation is the most distinctive in the Federal Republic of Germany. Other countries that implement a market economy do not have such a complete set of laws. Federal Republic of Germany in this area is based on the “law of stability” as the core, together with other laws, such as banking law, credit law, budget law, tax law.