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本文通过回溯马克思的剥削理论和波兰尼的商品化学说,分析作为劳动力后备军的职校学生如何转变为产业工人的过程。中等职业技术学校以国家对中职教育所规定实习安排为由向工厂输入大量年轻劳动力,将教育和劳动力结合在一起共同成为市场化下的虚拟商品,而学生工提早完成商品化的过程正是基于资本累积和资本扩张的需求。进一步讲,学生工在进入生产领域后对自己双重身份认同的模糊认知,也将使其产生不同于新生代农民工的主体性体验。
This paper analyzes the process of how vocational school students who become the reserve force of labor can be transformed into industrial workers by reviewing Marx’s theory of exploitation and Polanyi’s commercialization theory. Secondary vocational and technical schools to enter the factory on the grounds of national internship arrangements for secondary vocational education input a large number of young labor, education and labor together to become a virtual market under the virtual goods, and student workers to complete the process of commercialization is Based on capital accumulation and capital expansion needs. Further, the vague cognition of student workers in their dual identities after entering the field of production will also make them experience different from the subjective experience of the new generation of migrant workers.