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本文通过实验研究儿童省略结构的获得。本文所讨论的省略结构指的是“也是”结构、“也+情态动词”结构以及空宾结构。这三种结构在汉语生成语法有关的讨论中常常被笼统地称作VP省略结构。本文的研究发现,前两种结构的句法语义表现和英语等语言中的VP省略结构比较相似,因为其解读遵守平行原则,即要求省略部分与先行部分的句法和语义对等;而空宾结构的表现则不怎么像VP省略结构,因为其解读可以不受平行原则的制约。支持这一分析的证据来自我们的实验研究,实验结果显示4岁儿童和成人解读“也是”和“也+情态动词”结构遵守平行原则,而解读空宾结构不受该原则限制。该项研究还发现3岁儿童还不具备区分这三种结构的能力。本文认为这三种结构的解读涉及句法和语义的跨模组运算,而跨模组运算能力的成熟要受到年龄因素的限制,这一研究结果为语法发育论提供了证据。
In this paper, the experimental study of children’s omission of the structure obtained. The abbreviated structures discussed in this article refer to “also ” structures, “also + modal verbs ” structures, and empty-object structures. These three structures are often referred to as VP omissions in the discussion of Chinese grammar. This study finds that the syntactic and semantic expressions of the first two structures are similar to the VP ellipses in English and other languages because their interpretation complies with the principle of parallelism that requires the omission of syntactic and semantic equivalence between parts and the antecedents, The performance is not much like the VP omit the structure, because its interpretation can not be constrained by the principle of parallelism. The evidence that supports this analysis comes from our experimental study, which shows that 4-year-olds and adults interpret the “” and “” also “modal verbs” structure to adhere to the principle of parallelism while interpreting the empty-guest structure is not limited by this principle . The study also found that 3-year-olds do not yet have the ability to distinguish between these three structures. This paper argues that the interpretation of these three structures involves syntactic and semantic cross-modal computing, and the maturity of cross-modal computing power is limited by age. This result provides evidence for the theory of grammatical development.