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目的探讨早产儿视网膜病(ROP)的影响因素。方法选择本院患ROP早产儿为观察组,32周以下的早产儿为对照组,对2组患儿胎龄、出生体质量、出生方式、性别、多胎、使用呼吸机时间、休克、呼吸暂停、新生儿寒冷损伤综合征、肺透明膜病(Ⅲ级以上)、严重感染、肺出血及并发症合计数等临床资料进行单因素分析,并对有意义的因素进行多因素Logistic分析。结果本资料共有早产儿358例,胎龄均小于32周。ROP 34例,其中Ⅰ期13例,Ⅱ期18例,Ⅲ期3例。二组患儿窒息、呼吸暂停、新生儿寒冷损伤综合征、肺透明膜病、严重感染、肺出血等并发症的发生率比较差异均有统计学意义(Pa<0.05),并发症合计数(OR=2.152,P=0.048)、使用呼吸机时间(OR=1.514,P=0.009)是危险因素。结论早产儿ROP的发生率和发生并发症的多少及使用呼吸机的时间长短有关。在临床工作中要更多关注并发症的情况。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods The premature infants with ROP in our hospital were selected as the observation group and the 32-week-old premature infants as the control group. The gestational age, birth weight, birth pattern, sex, multiple births, ventilator time, shock, apnea , Neonatal cold injury syndrome, hyaline membrane disease (grade Ⅲ), severe infection, total number of pulmonary hemorrhage and complications and other clinical data univariate analysis, and meaningful factors multivariate Logistic analysis. Results There were 358 premature infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks. ROP 34 cases, of which 13 cases of stage Ⅰ, 18 cases of stage Ⅱ, 3 cases of stage Ⅲ. The incidence of complications such as asphyxia, apnea, cold injury syndrome in newborns, hyaline membrane disease, severe infection and pulmonary hemorrhage in the two groups were significantly different (Pa <0.05). The total number of complications OR = 2.152, P = 0.048). Use of ventilator time (OR = 1.514, P = 0.009) was a risk factor. Conclusion The incidence of ROP in preterm infants is related to the occurrence of complications and the duration of using ventilator. In clinical work to pay more attention to complications.