论文部分内容阅读
为建立科学的栽培模式和施肥方式,提高土壤生物肥力和实现土壤可持续利用。本研究采用常规裸地栽培玉米和地膜覆盖栽培玉米2种模式下的不同的施肥方式,测定多个微生物指标,土壤的养分和理化特性指标。结果表明:1)栽培模式对土壤温度和含水量的影响,在不同时期,两者的差异性不同;2)各种微生物指标影响系数的绝对值从大到小为:细菌、固氮菌,防线菌和真菌。土壤理化特性及养分指标影响系数的绝对值从大到小为:有机质、土壤pH、碱解N、全N、全P、速效K、速效P、土壤含水分量和土壤温度。不同模式下两指标变量组之间有极其显著的相关系数-0.932 1;3)不同栽培模式对不同施肥处理的重要性影响不大。只要含N,是否含P、K对微生物的影响不明显。复合施肥对土壤理化特性及养分有重要影响.由此可以得出:不同的栽培模式仅在苗期前期和成熟后期,对土壤温度和含水量的影响存在差异,并且不同栽培模式对不同施肥处理的重要性及各指标无显著影响。各种微生物和各个土壤理化特性及养分指标间存在复杂的关系。
In order to establish a scientific cultivation mode and fertilization mode, improve soil biological fertility and achieve sustainable soil use. In this study, different fertilization methods were used in two different modes of maize cultivation and plastic film mulch cultivation. The indicators of multiple microorganisms, soil nutrients and physicochemical properties were determined. The results showed that: 1) The effects of different cultivation modes on soil temperature and water content were different in different periods; 2) The absolute value of influence coefficient of various microbial indicators was: bacteria, Azotobacter, Bacteria and fungi. Soil physical and chemical properties and nutrient indicators of the absolute value of the influence coefficient from big to small are: organic matter, soil pH, alkaline hydrolysis N, total N, total P, available K, available P, soil moisture content and soil temperature. There was an extremely significant correlation coefficient between the two indicator variables in different models -0.932 1; 3) Different cultivation modes had little effect on the importance of different fertilization treatments. As long as containing N, whether P, K on the impact of microorganisms is not obvious. Compounded fertilization has an important effect on soil physical and chemical properties and nutrients, which shows that different cultivation modes have different effects on soil temperature and water content only in the early stage and mature stage, and different cultivation modes have different effects on different fertilization treatments The importance of the indicators and no significant impact. There is a complex relationship between various microorganisms and each soil physical and chemical properties and nutrient indicators.