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目的了解滑县法定传染病流行特征,为评价防控效果提供科学依据。方法收集2014-2015年中国疾病预防控制信息系统中滑县报告的甲乙丙法定报告传染病资料和监测数据,采用描述性流行病学研究方法,对资料进行分析。结果 2014-2015年滑县共报告法定传染病24种6 214例,年均发病率为227.98/10万。各类传染病报告中以血源及性传播传染病为主,年均发病率为92.1/10万,其次为呼吸道传染病,年均发病率为90.48/10万;肠道传染病,年均发病率为41.64/10万;虫媒和自然疫源性传染病,年均发病率为3.08/10万。报告病种前五位的疾病是:肺结核、乙肝、流行性腮腺炎、手足口、丙肝。全年每月均有发病,4月、5月份高发;职业方面,农民发病率高;男性发病人数明显多于女性;不同年龄组均有病例发生,其中0~5岁、20~30岁年龄组发病率最高,占整个比例的35.13%。结论血源及性传播传染病、呼吸道传染病是危害滑县人民健康的主要公共卫生问题,肠道传染病也不可忽视,应加强对肺结核、乙肝、手足口、流行性腮腺炎、丙肝等疾病的控制。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of legal infectious diseases in Huaxian County and provide a scientific basis for evaluating prevention and control effects. Methods The data of A, B, C and D reported from China’s disease prevention and control information system in 2014-2015 were collected, and the descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data. Results In 2014-2015, Huo County reported a total of 24 214 cases of notifiable infectious diseases with an average annual incidence of 227.98 / 100 000. The main types of infectious diseases were blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases, with an average annual incidence of 92.1 / 100,000, followed by respiratory infectious diseases with an annual average incidence of 90.48 / 100,000; intestinal infectious diseases, average annual The incidence rate was 41.64 / 100000; insect vectors and natural foci of infectious diseases, with an average annual incidence of 3.08 / 100000. The top five reported diseases are: tuberculosis, hepatitis B, mumps, hand-foot-mouth, hepatitis C. The incidence is high every month of the year, with high incidence in April and May. In terms of occupation, the incidence of peasants is high. The incidence of males is significantly more than that of females. Cases of different age groups occur, of which 0 to 5 years old and 20 to 30 years old The highest incidence of the group, accounting for 35.13% of the entire proportion. Conclusions Blood and sexually transmitted diseases and respiratory diseases are the major public health problems that endanger the health of people in Huaxian County. Infectious diseases of the intestines should not be neglected. Diseases such as tuberculosis, hepatitis B, hand-foot-mouth, mumps and hepatitis C should be strengthened control.