油处理剂是处理水域溢油事故中常用的化学试剂。它的作用是辅助油回收船和油回收装置,最终迅速清扫海面,处理那些油回收器难以发挥效率的厚度小于一毫米的薄油膜。在特定条件下(如气象、海况比较恶劣时)也可成为治理溢油事件的主要手段大量地、大面积地使用。油处理剂可分成乳化分散剂、凝胶剂、集油剂、沉淀剂等若干种。沉淀剂会把油污染带到水域底部,一般不予采用。本文主要讨论乳化分散型、凝胶型、集油型这三种油处理剂。乳化分散剂乳化分散剂是目前使用最广泛的一种油处理剂,俗称“消油剂”。它的作用完全是物理 Oil treatment agent is commonly used chemical reagents in the treatment of oil spill accidents in the waters. Its role is to assist oil recovery vessels and oil recovery units, eventually cleaning the surface quickly and handling thin films less than one millimeter thick that are difficult for oil collectors to work efficiently. Under certain conditions (such as weather and sea conditions worse) can also be the main means of managing oil spills in large quantities, large-scale use. Oil treatment agent can be divided into emulsifying and dispersing agent, gel, oil collection agent, precipitant and so on. Precipitant oil pollution will bring to the bottom of the water, generally not be used. This article focuses on the emulsion dispersed, gel, oil-based oil treatment of these three agents. Emulsifying and dispersing emulsifier is the most widely used oil treatment agent, commonly known as “dispersant.” Its role is entirely physical