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目的了解某铁合金企业接触职业病危害因素人员的职业健康状况,发现职业禁忌证或可疑职业病患者,加强有害作业人员健康监护。方法按照GBZ 188规定,对在岗期间1 180名职工进行健康检查,对检查结果进行分析。结果 1 180名职工中各项指标未见异常843名,正常率71.44%;该次健康检查未发现疑似职业病者,发现职业禁忌证29人。检出异常人数337名,异常率28.56%。男女异常检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男职工异常率高于女职工。各年龄段异常率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);随年龄增加异常率有上升趋势;到60岁以上异常率达76.92%。不同接害因素异常率的比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。肝功能、尿常规、血糖、血压的异常检出率排在各种异常检出率的前4位。结论提示该企业对接害工人的职业健康监护不容忽视;慢性病对职工健康的危害,应引起该企业的重视。
Objective To understand the occupational health status of certain ferroalloy enterprises exposed to occupational hazards and to find out those with occupational contraindications or suspicious occupational diseases and to strengthen the health guardianship of harmful workers. Methods According to the provisions of GBZ 188, 1 180 employees during the post-health examination, the examination results were analyzed. Results There were no abnormalities of 843 in each of the 180 workers, with a normal rate of 71.44%. There were 29 cases of occupational contraindications found in the health examination without any suspected occupational diseases. The number of anomalies was 337, with an abnormal rate of 28.56%. The detection rate of male and female anomaly, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); male employee anomaly rate was higher than female workers. The abnormal rates in all age groups were significantly different (P <0.01). The abnormal rates increased with the increasing of age, and the rates of abnormalities were 76.92% in those over 60 years old. There were significant differences in the abnormal rates of different traumatic factors (P <0.01). Liver function, urine routine, blood glucose, blood pressure anomaly detection rate ranked in the first four kinds of abnormal detection rate. The conclusion suggests that this enterprise can not neglect the occupational health supervision of the workers who take the workers. The harm of chronic diseases to the health of workers should be taken seriously by the enterprises.