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目的:探讨医院感染部位和季节变迁的规律,为医院感染防控提供依据。方法:采用回顾性调查,对2002～2009年113 838例住院患者医院感染情况进行统计分析。结果:8年间医院感染2 884例、医院感染率2.53%,感染例次3 030例次、例次感染率为2.66%,感染率呈逐年下降趋势(P<0.01);感染部位上呼吸道感染占36.8%、下呼吸道占24.1%、泌尿道占17.5%和胃肠道7.0%等;医院感染在12、1、2月发生率较高,6、8、10月较低;上呼吸道四季度感染率较高(P<0.01),下呼吸道一季度较高(P<0.05)。结论:根据季节变化,针对不同医院感染部位制定预防措施,可有效控制医院感染的发生。
Objective: To investigate the regularity of nosocomial infection sites and seasonal changes, and to provide basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted to analyze the prevalence of nosocomial infections in 113 838 inpatients from 2002 to 2009. Results: During the eight years, 2 884 cases of nosocomial infection, 2.53% of nosocomial infection and 3 030 cases of infection were found. The infection rate was 2.66% and the infection rate showed a declining trend year by year (P <0.01). The infection rate of upper respiratory tract infection 36.8%, lower respiratory tract accounted for 24.1%, urinary tract accounted for 17.5% and gastrointestinal tract 7.0%, etc .; hospital infection in 12, 1,2 months higher incidence of 6, 8, 10 months lower; upper respiratory tract infection in the fourth quarter Higher rate (P <0.01), lower respiratory tract in the first quarter was higher (P <0.05). Conclusion: According to the seasonal changes, the preventive measures for different nosocomial infections can be formulated to effectively control the occurrence of nosocomial infections.