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解析“桑树套作马铃薯和红薯”(Ms)与“桑树套作蚕豆和黄豆”(Md)2种桑园一年二熟制套作模式下的植物群体光能竞争机制,有助于通过技术措施提高桑园种植植物复合系统的光能利用效率。研究单作桑园(CK)与2种套作模式桑园内的微气候特征、桑树的光合特性和冠层结构等,结果表明:Ms和Md套作模式一定时期内可提高桑园内的CO_2浓度(Ca)、降低桑园内的温度(T)、提高桑园的环境湿度(RH);单作和套作模式下的桑树均有光合午休现象,净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(C_i)、蒸腾速率(T_r)日均值大小依次为CK、Md、Ms;CK模式的桑树冠层叶面积指数(LAI)、消光系数(K)、吸光度(R)均显著大于Md和Ms 2种套作模式(P<0.05)。试验结果表明,2种桑园套作模式对桑树的正常生理和生长有一定影响,应加强套作桑园的肥水管理,减小桑树与套种作物的营养竞争;从增加桑园综合效益考虑,桑园适宜采用Ms和Md套作模式。
The mechanism of light energy competition in plant communities under the mode of two-year-old intercropping with two mulberry varieties (Mulberry and potato) and mulberry trees (md and md) Help to improve the efficiency of light energy utilization of mulberry planting plant complex system through technical measures. The results showed that within a certain period of Ms and Md intercropping, the microclimate characteristics, the photosynthetic characteristics and the canopy structure of mulberry were studied. CO_2 concentration (Ca), the temperature in the mulberry (T) decreased, and the environmental humidity (RH) of the mulberry increased. The photosynthesis midday depression, the net photosynthetic rate The daily mean values of G_s, C_i and T_r were CK, Md and Ms; the canopy leaf area index (LAI), extinction coefficient (K), absorbance ( R) were significantly higher than those of Md and Ms (P <0.05). The results showed that two kinds of mulberry intercropping modes had certain influence on the normal physiological and growth of mulberry trees. The fertilizer and water management of mulberry garden should be strengthened to reduce the nutritional competition between mulberry and intercropped crops. Considering the comprehensive benefits of mulberry, Mulberry suitable for Ms and Md sets of models.