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子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMT)是指具有生长功能的子宫内膜出现子宫腔以外的其他部位。它虽然是一种良性病变但是却具有恶性肿瘤的种植和转移能力,它所引起的慢性盆腔痛、痛经和不孕等严重影响了广大妇女的健康和生活质量。1921年,Sampson首先提出种植学说,虽然被大多人接受,但是它不能解释为什么70%～90%的妇女有经血逆流,而只有10%～15%的妇女形成EMT这一现象。近年来国内郎景和等人提出了“在位内膜决定论”。Gazvani R等人的研究也提出:可以肯定的是经血倒流的子宫内膜只有在免疫发生改变的基础上才产生内异症。近年来发现EMT的发生与免疫系统的异常有关,现在有越来越多的学者认为免疫调节在EMT的发生、发展各环节中起到了重要的作用。本文就免疫机制在内异症中的研究进展加以综述。
Endometriosis (endometriosis, EMT) refers to the function of the growth of the endometrium appear outside the uterine cavity other parts. Although it is a benign disease but it has the ability to grow and metastasize malignant tumors, it causes chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea and infertility which seriously affect the health and quality of life of the majority of women. In 1921, Sampson first proposed the planting theory, although accepted by most people, but it can not explain why 70% to 90% of women have menstrual reflux and only 10% to 15% of women develop EMT. In recent years, domestic Lang King and others put forward “the eutopic endometrial determinism.” Gazvani R et al’s study also proposed: It is certain that endometrial blood flow back only on the basis of changes in the immune endometriosis. In recent years, found that the occurrence of EMT and immune system abnormalities, there are now more and more scholars believe that immune regulation in the occurrence of EMT, all aspects of development has played an important role. This article reviews the progress of immune mechanisms in endometriosis.