目的:探讨成人乙肝免疫预防影响因素,为科学制定成人乙肝防制策略提供依据。方法:选择某18岁以上正常人群、HBsAg阴性对象1 159人,以主动上门接种和接种对象“知情、自愿、免费”的方式,按0-1-6程序接种10ug基因重组酵母乙肝疫苗,并采用放射免疫法检测抗-HBS水平。结果:实际的全程接种率仅为69.11%。女性72.27%,高于男性60.39%,差异有统计学意义;不同年龄人群中,35～39岁组全程接种率最高(81.65%),18～24岁组最低(44.65%),两两比较后,各年龄组间均存在统计学差异;农村地区全程接种率79.64%,城镇55.64%,差异有统计学意义,不同文化程度间差别无意义。免疫后抗-HBS中位数为495.03mIU/ml,免疫成功率为97.00%,其中男性95.16%,女性97.56%,差异无统计学意义;免疫后女性抗体水平(521.85mIU/ml)高于男性(369.87mIU/ml),差异有统计学意义;40～44岁组免疫成功率最低(96.36%),18～24岁组最高(97.18%),组间差异无统计学意义,18～24岁组抗体滴度最高,45岁及以上人群最低,抗体水平随年龄增长而下降,差异有统计学意义。结论:性别、年龄、地区、户籍来源是乙肝疫苗全程接种的重要影响因素,文化程度影响不大。按0-1-6程序接种后,不同人群均能获得理想免疫应答,性别、年龄可影响免疫后抗体水平。提示应强化健康教育,重视对男性、年轻人、城镇居民及外来人员的宣传,尽早开展成人乙肝疫苗接种,以提高疫苗的全程接种率和保护效果。 Objective: To explore the influencing factors of hepatitis B immune prevention in adults and provide the basis for scientifically formulating the prevention and control strategies of hepatitis B. Methods: A total of 1 159 HBsAg negative subjects were selected from a normal population over 18 years of age. The vaccinated 10ug recombinant yeast Hepatitis B vaccine was vaccinated in the mode of 0-1-6 according to the method of “informed, voluntary and free” , And anti-HBS level was detected by radioimmunoassay. Results: The actual full vaccination rate was only 69.11%. Female 72.27%, higher than male 60.39%, the difference was statistically significant; among different age groups, 35 to 39 years old group throughout the highest vaccination rate (81.65%), 18 to 24 years old group the lowest (44.65%), There was statistical difference among all age groups. Inoculation rate in rural areas was 79.64%, and in urban areas was 55.64%. The difference was statistically significant, and there was no significant difference between different education levels. After immunization, the median of anti-HBS was 495.03mIU / ml, the immune success rate was 97.00%, including 95.16% for males and 97.56% for females, the difference was not statistically significant; the antibody level after immunization was 521.85mIU / ml higher than that of males (369.87mIU / ml), the difference was statistically significant. The lowest success rate was 96.36% in 40-44 years old group and 97.18% in 18-24 years old group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (18-24 years old) The highest titers of antibodies in the group of 45 years old and above were the lowest, while the antibody levels decreased with age, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: The sources of sex, age, region and household registration are important influencing factors for the whole course of hepatitis B vaccination, and the education level has little effect. According to 0-1-6 program inoculation, different populations can get the ideal immune response, sex, age can affect the antibody level after immunization. It is suggested that health education should be strengthened, publicity should be emphasized on male, young people, urban residents and migrant workers, and hepatitis B vaccination should be carried out as soon as possible so as to improve the whole vaccination rate and protection effect of vaccines.