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公民自发参与形成的社会联合体即社会组织是社会资本的一种重要形式,在突发事件应急管理中的作用主要体现在:降低了突发事件预警期的管理成本,大大提高了对危机的预警能力;有利于突发事件发生期的控制和处理;社会组织在突发事件的善后处置期也发挥重要作用。但是,目前我国社会参与程度较低,社会组织的分布不均匀,组织能力也较弱。为了提高突发事件应急管理的效率,从宏观社会资本的视域出发,政府应培育公民的志愿精神和互助品质,强化公民的危机参与意识;培育农村社会资本,提升农村社会参与程度和社会组织的作用;鼓励、支持和引导社会组织的发展,增强社会组织的危机参与能力。
The social unions formed by the spontaneous participation of citizens are social organizations, an important form of social capital. Their role in emergency management of emergencies is mainly reflected in the reduction of the management costs of the early warning period of emergencies and the enhancement of the control over crises Early warning ability; help to control and deal with the occurrence of emergencies; and social organizations also play an important role in the aftermath of emergencies disposal. However, at present, China has a low level of social participation, uneven distribution of social organizations and weak organizational capacity. In order to improve the efficiency of emergency management of emergencies, starting from the perspective of macro-social capital, the government should cultivate the volunteer spirit and mutual aid quality of citizens and strengthen citizens’ awareness of crisis participation; cultivate rural social capital, enhance the participation of rural society and social organizations ; Encourage, support and guide the development of social organizations and enhance the capacity of social organizations to participate in crises.