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身边的化学物质涉及的主要有：空气、水、碳、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、铁、铝、盐酸、硫酸、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙、氯化钠、纯碱、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钙、化肥等．重点掌握这些物质的主要性质(包括物理性质和化学性质),初步认识物质的用途与性质之间的关系；掌握氧气、二氧化碳的实验室制法,了解常见物质间的转化关系．在中招命题时, 无论是对基本概念和基本理论的考查,还是对实验与探究能力的检测,各种题型基本上是以这些常见物质为载体来设置的．下面通过例题为同学们链接其主要考点：
The chemical substances in the vicinity mainly include: air, water, carbon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, iron, aluminum, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium chloride, soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, chemical fertilizer, etc. . Focus on the main properties of these substances (including physical and chemical properties), a preliminary understanding of the relationship between the use of substances and the nature of the; master the oxygen and carbon dioxide laboratory methods, understand the conversion relationship between common substances. In the proposition, whether it is the examination of basic concepts and basic theories, or the testing of the ability to experiment and explore, various questions are basically set with these common substances as the carrier. The following examples are for students to link their main test sites: