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为修建一条通向青函海底隧道北洞口的铁路引线,采用较小型的开挖机械穿过新第三纪软弱泥岩开挖了9座隧道,总长为7.4km。 岩体划分为四类,依此分别地进行隧道支护的设计。在对几种掘进设备的配套系统进行比较研究后,认为采用臂式掘进机的方法是最佳的选择。 在每个施工地段都对掘进机的效率进行了跟踪调查,并对收集到的数据进行数值检验。结果表明,掘进机在开挖到抗压强度超过200kgf/cm~2的坚硬岩体时,其效率降低。 此外,还对隧道开挖中的几种技术,即喷混凝土中的粉尘控制、格栅拱架以及测得的变形评估进行了试验与总结。
In order to construct a railway lead to the northern entrance of the Tsing Keng Cross Harbor Tunnel, a smaller excavation machine was used to excavate nine tunnels through the Neogene soft clay rock with a total length of 7.4 km. The rock mass is divided into four categories, so as to design the tunnel support respectively. After comparing several kinds of supporting systems of tunneling equipment, it is considered that the method of arm boring machine is the best choice. The efficiency of TBM was tracked in every construction site and the collected data were numerically tested. The results show that the roadheader excavation to the compressive strength of more than 200kgf / cm ~ 2 hard rock, the efficiency is reduced. In addition, several techniques in tunnel excavation, ie, dust control in sprayed concrete, lattice arches, and measured deformation evaluations were also tested and summarized.