传统认为政府是公共产品的天然提供者,如何最有效率的提供公共产品,一直是学界和政府行政实践所关注的问题。上世纪后期西方国家面对政府失灵的困境,特别是随着新公共管理运动的新起,人们希望在公共产品的生产和供给上打破政府包办,引入市场和社会参与,通过竞争达到降低成本和提高效率。民营化改革逐渐成为一种普遍的选择。 Traditionally, the government considers that the government is the natural provider of public goods. How to provide the public goods most efficiently has always been the focus of academic and government administrative practice. In the latter part of the last century, Western countries faced the plight of government failure, especially with the new public administration movement, people wanted to break the government-run system in the production and supply of public goods, introduce market and social participation, reduce costs through competition, Improve efficiency. Privatization reform has gradually become a universal choice.