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目的对北沙参药材中的挥发油成分进行鉴别,并对比不同产地北沙参药材中的挥发油成分及含量的不同。方法自2012年9月至2013年3月收集不同产地的北沙参药材共16批,然后进行研磨打粉。对北沙参粉末样品参照《中华人民共和国药典》附录方法提取挥发油。将挥发油样品进行气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)检测,对所得的质谱结果利用NIST 11.0数据库进行比对。结果和结论从16个批次共48个北沙参挥发油样品中获得12个共有组分,都可作为北沙参挥发油的指标性成分,其中以法卡林醇为其挥发油中的主要成分。产于河北的3批样品中的挥发油成分及含量均较少。去皮加工的北沙参样品中挥发油总体含量比不去皮加工的北沙参少,并且发现二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)仅存在于有皮的样品中。去皮加工方式会使一些有效成分的含量降低,如EPA,可能会影响北沙参的药用活性。
Objective To identify the constituents of volatile oil in Radix isatidis and compare the content and content of the volatile oil in Radix isatidis in different areas. METHODS: From September 2012 to March 2013, 16 batches of Radix Begoniae Preparata collected from different areas were collected and then ground and powdered. Radix begonia powder samples were extracted according to the appendix of “Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China”. Volatile oil samples were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) detection, and the obtained mass spectra were aligned using the NIST 11.0 database. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Twelve common components were obtained from 48 samples of volatile oil of Radix isatidis from 16 batches. All of them could be used as an index component of volatile oil of Radix isatidis, with fakaroline alcohol as the main component of its volatile oil. Hebei Province, three batches of samples of volatile oil composition and content are less. The total content of volatile oil in the peeled and processed North American ginseng samples was less than that of the non-peeled ginseng, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was found only in the peeled samples. Peeled processing methods will reduce the content of some active ingredients, such as EPA, may affect the medicinal activity of the North ginseng.