管理具有二重性,这是马克思在资本论中曾经指出过的。管理二重性的具体内容是什么呢?简言之,管理一方面具有同生产力、社会化大生产相联系的自然属性,即为组织许多人共同劳动需要和生产管理,同时它又与生产力和社会化大生产发展水平相适应的特征;另一方面又具有同生产关系、社会制度相联系的社会属性,即由生产资料所有制和社会制度影响决定的表现在管理目的、管理方式、管理权力归属等问题上的特征,这就是管理二重性的内容。 Management has duality, which Marx once pointed out in capitalism. What is the specific content of management duality? In short, management has on the one hand the natural attributes associated with productivity and socialized production, which is to organize many people’s common labor needs and production management, and at the same time it is also related to productivity and socialization. The characteristics of large-scale production development are compatible with each other; on the other hand, they also have social attributes linked to the production relations and social systems, that is, the performance of the ownership of production materials and the impact of social systems on management objectives, management methods, and management power. On the feature, this is the content of management duality.