目的探讨保留盆腔自主神经的根治性子宫切除术(nerve-spring radical hysterectomy,NSRH)对术后肛门直肠功能的影响。方法以符合条件的56例宫颈癌患者为研究对象,随机分为根治性子宫切除术组(RH组)和保留盆腔自主神经的根治性子宫切除术组(NSRH组)。术后1年时进行排便功能评估和肛门直肠测压比较。结果与RH组相比,NSRH组的便秘和慢性腹泻发生率均显著降低,排便功能自我评价较好,肛管最大缩榨压较高,初始感觉阈值和初始排便阈值较低。结论 RH会导致更为严重的肛门直肠功能紊乱,NSRH更有助于保护排便功能。 Objective To investigate the effect of preserving the pelvic autonomic nerve root-hysterectomy (NSRH) on postoperative anorectal function. Methods Forty-six patients with cervical cancer who were eligible for the study were randomly divided into radical hysterectomy group (RH group) and radical hysterectomy group (NSRH group) with pelvic autonomic nerve preservation. Postoperative 1 year to defecation function evaluation and anorectal manometry comparison. Results Compared with RH group, the incidences of constipation and chronic diarrhea in NSRH group were significantly decreased, self-evaluation of defecation function was better, the maximal compression pressure of anal canal was higher, and the initial sensory threshold and initial defecation threshold were lower. Conclusion RH causes more severe anorectal dysfunction, and NSRH is more helpful in defecation defecation.