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针对孔缝屏蔽腔内传输线上耦合雷电波的特性研究问题,对孔缝金属腔体屏蔽效能的理论分析,利用雷电试验冲击平台(ICGS)模拟产生雷电注入金属杆后模拟辐射雷电电磁波进行孔缝金属腔体屏蔽效能的实验。在孔缝数量一定时改变孔缝直径分析雷电电磁波进入金属腔体的特性。实验表明:金属腔体内部的天线接收到的电磁波信号基本上都是小于腔体外部的天线接收到的电磁波信号,即金属腔体对于雷电波产生的电磁波有屏蔽作用;改变孔径的大小,得出腔体的孔缝直径越小,雷电电磁信号对腔体的屏蔽效果越好范围为16.5dB-18dB之间;当金属腔体表面的孔缝直径一定时,改变金属腔体表面的孔缝数量,根据实验数据得出金属腔体表面的孔缝数量越少对雷电电磁波进入腔体的屏蔽效能越好,范围也是在16.5dB-18dB之间。根据屏蔽效能曲线的一次线性拟合方程得出随着雷电电流的增大,屏蔽效能有略微的减小,此现象是由于雷电电磁信号进入金属腔体内并在腔内发生多次折反射,使得屏蔽效能减小。
In view of the research on the characteristics of the coupled lightning wave in the transmission line of the aperture shield, the theoretical analysis on the shielding effectiveness of the metal aperture in the aperture slit is carried out, and the ICGS simulation is used to simulate the electromagnetic radiation generated by the thunder and lightning into the metal rod to simulate the aperture Experiment of metal cavity shielding effectiveness. Changing the Diameter of Pore Hole Hole with a Certain Number of Hole Seams to Analyze the Characteristics of Lightning Electromagnetic Waves Entering the Metal Cavity. Experiments show that the electromagnetic wave signals received by the antenna inside the metal cavity are basically smaller than the electromagnetic signal received by the antenna outside the cavity, that is, the metal cavity shields the electromagnetic wave generated by the lightning wave. Changing the size of the aperture The smaller the hole diameter of the cavity is, the better the shielding effect of the lightning electromagnetic signal to the cavity is in the range of 16.5dB-18dB; when the diameter of the aperture of the metal cavity is constant, the aperture on the surface of the metal cavity is changed According to the experimental data, the smaller the number of holes on the surface of the metal cavity, the better the shielding effectiveness of the lightning electromagnetic wave into the cavity, and the range is also between 16.5dB and 18dB. According to a linear fitting equation of the shielding effectiveness curve, the shielding effectiveness decreases slightly as the lightning current increases. This phenomenon is due to the lightning electromagnetic signal entering the metal cavity and multiple refraction in the cavity, Shielding effectiveness is reduced.