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目的:调查婴幼儿肺炎支原体(MP)感染发病率、性别、发病季节及发病年龄分布。方法:应用SERODIAMYCOⅡ颗粒凝集方法对2010年1月~2012年12月在广州医科大学附属第二医院住院及门诊治疗的呼吸道感染婴幼儿进行血清肺炎支原体抗体(MP-IgM)检测。结果:共检测肺炎婴幼儿4 684例,其中男性患儿2 774例,女性患儿1 910例。共检测阳性1 586例,阳性率为33.86%;男性患儿阳性率(28.70%,796/2 774)低于女性患儿阳性率(41.36%,790/1 910),差异有统计学意义(χ2=81.03,P<0.05)。第4季度MP-IgM阳性率最高,为38.81%(484/1 247),第1季度为36.07%(373/1034),不同季度MP-IgM阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经χ2检验,7个年龄组患儿MP-IgM阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MP-IgM阳性率0~0.5岁组最低(3.75%),5~6岁组最高(54.29%),3~6岁组较高,约40%~50%,可见婴幼儿MP-IgM阳性率随着年龄的增长而增长。2010~2012年MP-IgM阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示MP-IgM阳性率呈逐年下降趋势。结论:女性MP-IgM阳性率高于男性,MP-IgM感染的高峰期为第1季度和第4季度,MPIgM感染的高发年龄段为1~6岁,2010~2012年MP-IgM阳性率呈逐年下降趋势,临床上应加强对肺炎支原体肺炎的检测和防治。
Objective: To investigate the incidence, gender, season of onset and age of onset of mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) infection in infants and young children. Methods: Serum Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody (MP-IgM) was detected in respiratory and infantile infants hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2010 to December 2012 by using SERODIAMYCO Ⅱ particle agglutination method. Results: A total of 4 684 infants were detected in pneumonia, including 2 774 males and 1 910 females. A total of 1 586 positive cases were detected, the positive rate was 33.86%. The positive rate of male children (28.70%, 796/2774) was lower than that of female children (41.36%, 790/1 910), the difference was statistically significant χ2 = 81.03, P <0.05). The highest positive rate of MP-IgM in the fourth quarter was 38.81% (484/1 247), the first quarter was 36.07% (373/1034). The positive rate of MP-IgM in different quarters was statistically significant (P <0.05 ). The positive rate of MP-IgM in 7 age groups was statistically significant (χ2 test, P <0.05). The positive rate of MP-IgM in 0 ~ 0.5 years group was the lowest (3.75%), the highest was in 5-6 years group %), 3 to 6 years old group is higher, about 40% to 50%, showing that the positive rate of MP-IgM in infants and young children grows with age. The positive rate of MP-IgM between 2010 and 2012 was statistically significant (P <0.05), suggesting that the positive rate of MP-IgM showed a declining trend year by year. Conclusion: The positive rate of MP-IgM in women is higher than that in men. The peak of MP-IgM infection is in the first quarter and the fourth quarter. The high incidence of MPIgM infection is from 1 to 6 years old. The positive rate of MP-IgM in 2010-2012 is Decreasing trend year by year, clinical should strengthen the detection and prevention and treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.