目的探讨洗涤剂破坏皮肤屏障功能的机制。方法利用薄层层析技术，以皮肤胆固醇含量的改变为指标，分析洗衣粉对离体新生大鼠背、腹部皮肤和洗衣粉包装工手部表皮脂类的影响；并用透射电镜观察洗衣粉对豚鼠皮肤表皮形态的作用。结果洗衣粉对皮肤的脱脂量随浓度增高和接触时间的延长而增加；洗衣粉包装工表皮胆固醇含量明显低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；豚鼠皮肤接触洗衣粉４小时，０．５％洗衣粉组结果基本同对照组，但细胞间偶见小裂隙；１．０％洗衣粉组颗粒层细胞间未见完整的脂质板层膜结构，细胞内缺乏板层体。结论洗涤剂破坏皮肤屏障功能的机制与其脱脂作用和改变皮肤表皮形态，特别是脂质板层结构和板层体有关 Objective To investigate the mechanism of deteriorating skin barrier function of detergents. Methods The effects of detergent on the epidermis and lipids in the hands and back of the newborn rats were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography and the change of cholesterol in the skin. The effects of detergent on Effect of guinea pig skin epidermis morphology. Results The amount of defatted oil on the skin increased with the increase of concentration and exposure time. The content of cholesterol in the skin was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.01). The contact of guinea pig skin with the detergent for 4 hours and 0.5 % Detergent group results basically the same as the control group, but occasionally small cracks between the cells; 1.0% detergent particles in the granular layer between the intact lipid plate membrane structure, the lack of lamellar body cells. Conclusions The mechanism by which detergents damage skin barrier function is related to their defatting effect and to changes in the morphology of the skin epidermis, in particular the lipid lamina structure and lamellar body