80年代末90年代初,前中东欧国家随着政治制度的改变,先后以各自的方式步入由计划经济向市场经济转轨的进程。六、七年过去了,如今它们的情况如何,这是人们所关心的。不久前,新华社记者一行三人前往其中的三个国家——捷克、匈牙利和波兰进行实地考察。在三周的时间,记者组先后采访了上述国家的12位正、副部长,并同有关专家和学者举行了座谈,参现了一些具有代表性的工农商企业,浏览了市容。短短三周,走访三个国家,难免有“走马现花”之感。不过,仅就记者组所见所闻,仍可看到这些国家经济转轨所取得的进展,代价之巨大,调整之不易。现今,在前东欧地区国家中转轨情况较好的这三国,经济大体上已渡过难关,开始不同程度地回升。这三国经济能否持续稳步发展,普遍认为,主要取决于这些国家能否解决企业亏损、较严重的失业和较高的通货膨胀率等问题。 In the late 1980s and early 1990s, with changes in the political system, the former Central and Eastern European countries stepped in the process of transition from a planned economy to a market economy in their own way. Six or seven years have passed and what is happening now is what people care about. Not long ago, three reporters from Xinhua News Agency went to one of three countries - Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland for a field visit. In a three-week period, the press group interviewed 12 vice-presidents and vice-presidents of the above-mentioned countries in succession. They also held informal discussions with relevant experts and scholars, took part in some representative enterprises for industry and agriculture, and visited the cityscape. In a short period of three weeks, it is inevitable that there will be a sense of “running a horse and a flower” if we visit three countries. However, we can only see the progress made by these countries in their economic transition at large cost and hard-to-read adjustments as long as they are seen and heard by the press group. Today, the economies of the three countries that have made better transitions in the countries of the former Eastern Europe have generally recovered from the crisis and started to recover to varying degrees. Whether the three countries can sustain sustained and steady economic growth is generally believed to depend mainly on whether these countries can solve the problems of corporate losses, more serious unemployment and higher rates of inflation.