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目的分析社区管理中对高血压、糖尿病老年患者的健康护理方法及效果。方法 120例高血压、糖尿病老年患者随机分为甲组与乙组,各60例。甲组从医疗机构出院后单纯给予出院指导并定期到社区医疗服务中心复查,乙组在甲组基础上给予社区管理健康护理。比较两组患者出院6个月疾病控制情况、疾病知识掌握评分、出院后遵医行为评分、焦虑情绪评分,以及出院时、出院6个月患者血压和血糖情况的差异。结果出院6个月、乙组患者,疾病控制总有效率93.33%优于甲组75.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出院时,两组血压、血糖比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。出院6个月,乙组血压、血糖均明显改善,而甲组血压、血糖明显改善甚至恶化,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院6个月,乙组血糖、血压均明显优于甲组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出院6个月,乙组疾病知识掌握评分、出院后遵医行为评分、焦虑情绪评分优于甲组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论社区管理中对高血压、糖尿病老年患者进行健康护理效果确切,可提升患者对疾病知识的认知,提高遵医行为,保持良好心态,可有效控制血糖和血压,值得推广。
Objective To analyze the methods and effects of health care on elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus in community management. Methods A total of 120 elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes were randomly divided into group A and group B, 60 cases each. Group A discharged from the medical institutions simply give discharge guidance and regular review to the community health service center, Group B community management health care on the basis of Group A. The differences of blood pressure and blood glucose between the two groups were compared at 6 months after discharge from hospital, 6 months after discharge, 6 months after discharge, 6 months after discharge, knowledge of disease control, compliance score after discharge, anxiety score. Results At 6 months after discharge, the total effective rate of disease control in group B was 93.33%, which was significantly higher than that in group A (75.00%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). At discharge, there was no significant difference in blood pressure and blood glucose between the two groups (P> 0.05). At 6 months after discharge, blood pressure and blood sugar in group B were significantly improved, while blood pressure and blood glucose in group A were significantly improved or even worsened (P <0.05). At 6 months after discharge, blood glucose and blood pressure in group B were significantly better than those in group B Group A, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). At 6 months after discharge, the score of disease knowledge grading in group B, score of obedience to medical practice after discharge from hospital, score of anxiety in superior group were better than that in group A, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The health care in elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus is effective in community management. It can enhance patients’ cognition of disease knowledge, improve compliance and maintain a good attitude, which can effectively control blood sugar and blood pressure and is worth promoting.