本文阐述了70年代前人们对煤分子结构的认识;总结了脂肪族/三环癸烷模型、芳香族/氢化芳香族模型、分子筛模型并加以评述。提出目前的认识,煤结构是一系列的参数和少数验证的煤中的“构造堆积”模型。 This paper expounds the people’s understanding of the molecular structure of coal before the 1970s. The aliphatic / tricyclodecane model, the aromatic / hydrogenated aromatic model, the molecular sieve model were summarized and reviewed. To present the current understanding that coal structure is a series of parameters and a few verified coal in the “tectonic accumulation” model.