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目的 :研究载脂蛋白E基因敲除 (apoE-/-)小鼠冠状动脉内粥样硬化病灶的分布和组成 ;探讨病灶发生和发展的机理。方法 :取 6 0周龄和 112周龄的apoE-/-小鼠心脏作连续切片 ,从冠状动脉在主动脉开口处连续追踪冠状动脉主干和心肌内冠状动脉小分支 ,行Movat特殊染色 ,寻找病灶。根据组织切片数计算病灶离冠状动脉开口处的距离和病灶的长度 ;根据病灶的长度将病灶分为大、中、小 3类病灶 ;用图像分析仪测量血管口径 ;根据Mo vat染色结果观察病灶内组成成分。结果 :在apoE-/-小鼠冠状动脉内发现从主动脉内直接延续的延伸病灶和在冠状动脉分支内形成的原位病灶 ;在 6 0周龄和 112周龄小鼠冠状动脉延伸病灶的发生率分别为 6 0 %和 80 % ;有延伸病灶的冠状动脉外膜有大量炎性细胞浸润。每只apoE-/-小鼠均有原位病灶 ;原位病灶多发生在左室壁心肌内血管分支处和乳头肌附近 ;随着原位病灶增大 ,蛋白聚糖成分减少 ,细胞内外脂质成分增多 ;增大的原位病灶可堵塞小血管 ;在有原位病灶的冠状动脉外膜常可发现有增多的炎性细胞。 112周龄apoE-/-小鼠大原位病灶多于 6 0周龄小鼠(P <0 . 0 5 )。结论 :apoE-/-小鼠冠状动脉主干和心肌小分支内分别存在着延伸和原位的粥样硬化病灶 ,随着小鼠周龄增加 ,病灶增大。动脉外膜炎
Objective: To study the distribution and composition of coronary atherosclerosis lesions in apolipoprotein E gene knockout (apoE - / -) mice and to explore the mechanism of its occurrence and development. Methods: The apoE - / - mice hearts of 60 weeks old and 112 weeks old were serially sectioned. The coronary arteries and small coronary branches of coronary arteries were continuously traced from the aorta of the coronary arteries and were subjected to Movat staining. Lesions. According to the number of tissue slices from the coronary artery to calculate the distance between the opening and the length of the lesion; according to the length of the lesion is divided into large, medium and small lesions in 3 categories; with image analyzer to measure vascular caliber; according to Mo vat staining results observed lesions Within the composition. RESULTS: Extended lesions directly from the aorta and in situ lesions formed within the branches of the coronary arteries were found in the apoE - / - mice coronary arteries and in the coronary arteries at 60 weeks and 112 weeks of age The incidence rates were 60% and 80%, respectively. There was a large number of infiltration of inflammatory cells in the pericardium of extension of coronary artery. Each apoE - / - mice had in situ lesions; in situ lesions occurred in the left ventricular wall of the myocardium and papillary muscle near the branch; with the increase in situ lesions, proteoglycan components decreased, intracellular and extracellular lipid Increased quality components; increased in situ lesions can plug the small vessels; in situ lesions of the coronary often can be found in the outer membrane of inflammatory cells increased. 112-week-old apoE - / - mice had more primary lesions than 60-week-old mice (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: ApoE - / - mice present with extended and in situ atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries and in the small branches of the myocardium, respectively. As the number of mice increases, the lesions increase. Arterial adventitia