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为研究土地利用变化和气象条件变化对云南省昆明市松华坝水源区土壤侵蚀的影响,基于SWAT模型,采用1986～2009年4期土地利用和昆明市1993～2009年气象数据,对变化环境下松华坝水源区牧羊河流域的土壤侵蚀变化情况进行了研究。结果表明,与1986年相比,1995年水源区林地面积增加,耕地面积减少,土壤侵蚀模数减少;2009年,林草面积减幅较大,耕地面积又大幅增加,导致土壤侵蚀模数相对1986,1995年和2000年分别增加了1.82,2.70倍和1.91倍;当降水增加10%时,土壤侵蚀模数变化较大。这一结果可为制定变化环境下松华坝水源地的水保对策提供科学依据。
In order to study the effects of land use change and meteorological conditions on soil erosion in Songhuaba water source area of Kunming, Yunnan Province, based on the SWAT model and land use of 1986-2009 and Kunming 1993-2009 meteorological data, The changes of soil erosion in Muyang water area of Muyang County were studied. The results showed that compared with 1986, the area of forest land increased in the water source area in 1995, the area of cultivated land decreased, and the modulus of soil erosion decreased. In 2009, the area of forest and grass decreased greatly, and the area of cultivated land increased greatly, resulting in a relative increase of soil erosion modulus Which increased by 1.82, 2.70 times and 1.91 times respectively in 1986, 1995 and 2000. When the precipitation increased by 10%, the modulus of soil erosion changed greatly. This result can provide a scientific basis for formulating water and soil conservation measures for Songhua dam water source in a changing environment.