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以2001-2013年北方水稻区域试验宁夏永宁点和辽宁开原点的中、早熟组参试品种为材料,进行7个稻米主要品质性状的分析评价。结果表明,开原点的整精米率和胶稠度极显著高于永宁点,永宁点的垩白粒率和垩白度极显著低于开原点,糙米率、精米率和直链淀粉含量两个点间差异不显著;7个主要稻米品质性状中,垩白度和垩白粒率的变异系数较大,其次是整精米率、直链淀粉含量、胶稠度,糙米率和精米率变异系数较小。对永宁和开原两个点水稻灌浆结实期(8-9月份)的气象因子进行比较,发现两地的平均气温、最高气温、最低气温、日照时数基本相似,降水量和相对湿度永宁点明显低于开原点。分别对两地灌浆结实期气象因子与稻米品质性状进行相关分析,结果表明,稻米品质性状与水稻灌浆后期(9月份)气象因子的关系比与灌浆前中期(8月份)更为密切;在糙米率和整精米率与相对湿度的相关性、整精米率与最高气温的相关性、糙米率与降水量的相关性等方面,在永宁点与开原点呈现相反的结果,这可能是两地相对湿度和降雨量不同所致,反映了不同气候生态背景下多种气候因子耦合作用于稻米品质形成的复杂性。
Taking the middle and precocious groups of the northern and southern paddy field trials in Yongning, Ningxia and the open source of Liaoning in 2001-2013 as test materials, the main quality traits of seven rice cultivars were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that the milled rice percentage and gel consistency were significantly higher than that of Yongning spot, and the chalky grain percentage and chalkyness at Yongning were significantly lower than those of open source, brown rice, milled rice and amylose content Among the seven main rice quality traits, the coefficient of variation of chalkiness and chalky grain rate was larger, followed by the rate of variation of milled rice rate, amylose content, gel consistency, brown rice rate and milled rice rate . Comparing the meteorological factors between Yongning and Kaiyuan in the grain filling stage (August-September), we found that the average temperature, the highest temperature, the lowest temperature and the sunshine hours are basically similar in both regions. The precipitation and the relative humidity Yongning Point Obviously lower than the open origin. The correlation analysis between meteorological factors of grain filling stage and rice quality traits showed that the relationship between rice quality traits and the meteorological factors of late rice filling stage (September) was closer than that of the middle and early grain filling stage (August) The correlation between rate and total milled rice rate and relative humidity, the correlation between milled rice rate and maximum temperature, the correlation between brown rice rate and precipitation, etc. The opposite result was found between Yongning point and open origin, which may be opposite Due to the different humidity and rainfall, it reflects the complexity of the formation of rice quality under the influence of many climatic factors in different climatic and ecological backgrounds.