在基层医疗卫生工作中常要收集整理一些实际数字,如一个公社的人口数、出生数,某病的病例数、死亡数等等。这些数字对反映医疗卫生工作的水平必不可少,每个基层医疗卫生工作者必须及时、完整、准确地收集整理和保存好这些数字。然而在数字间作相互比较时,或要用这些数字说明一些规律性的问题时,只凭实际数字是不够的,必须进行比和率的计算。例如:普查两个大队社员的钩虫感染情 In the primary health care work, we usually collect and compile some actual figures, such as the population of a commune, the number of births, the number of cases of ailments, the number of deaths, and so on. These figures are necessary to reflect the level of medical and health work. Each primary health worker must collect, organize and keep these figures in a timely, complete and accurate manner. However, when the figures are compared with each other or the figures are used to illustrate some of the regular problems, the actual figures alone are not enough and the calculation of the ratio must be carried out. For example: Census two team members hookworm infection