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目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌胸水细胞块在鼠类肉瘤病毒癌基因(kirsten rat sarcoma viral onco-gene,KRAS)突变检测中的临床价值.方法 采用ARMS-PCR法检测215例非小细胞肺癌细胞块和404例非小细胞肺癌组织块中KRAS的7种突变类型,并检测细胞块同时送检组织块74例患者的一致性.结果细胞块KRAS基因突变型24例,阳性率11.16%(24/215);组织块KRAS基因突变型37例,阳性率9.16%(37/404);74例有组织块对照的细胞块KRAS结果一致性有69例,一致率达93.24%%(69/74),其中细胞块KRAS基因的突变率10.81%(8/74),组织块突变率17.57%(13/74).结论 非小细胞肺癌胸水细胞块KRAS的突变率略高于组织块;有胸水的原发灶比没有胸水的KRAS基因突变率要高.“,”Objective To investigate the clinical value of cell block for kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) mutation detection in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods 215 cases of cell block from pleural effusion of non-small cell lung cancer were collected. 7 types of KRAS mutation and 404 cases of tissue block were detected by ARMS-PCR method. The consistency of KRAS mutation was examined in 74 patients with tissue block and cell block. Results KRAS mutations were found in 24 of 215 cell blocks ( positive detection rate of 11. 16%) . KRAS mutation was detected in 37 of 404 tissue blocks ( positive detection rate of 9. 16%) . There were 69 cases in the 74 (93. 24%) cases having the same result as tissue block. KRAS mutation was detected in 8 of 74 (10. 81%) cell blocks, and 13 of 74 (17. 57%) tissue blocks. Conclusion The rate of KRAS mutation in cell blocks of non-small cell lung cancer is higher than in matched tissue blocks. The patients with malignant pleural effusion are likely tend to KRAS mutation compare to those not.